Over the next two decades, roughly $124 trillion is expected to change hands in what analysts describe as the largest intergenerational wealth transfer in history. A growing share of that wealth is moving to women through inheritance, entrepreneurship, and rising lifetime earnings. At the same time, healthcare is confronting another reality: Much of modern medicine was built around male biology. Those two shifts are beginning to collide.
For decades, women were routinely excluded from clinical trials. In the United States, women were not required to be included in federally funded studies until 1993. Drug dosing, symptom recognition, diagnostic frameworks, and even many medical AI systems were largely built around male biological baselines.
The consequences were not small. In 2013, the FDA cut the recommended dose of zolpidem, a widely prescribed sleep medication under the Ambien brand name, after data showed women metabolized the drug differently than men. Women were waking up with higher levels of the drug still in their bloodstream, increasing the risk of car accidents and falls the next morning. The drug had been approved in 1992. The risk existed for decades. It simply had not been properly measured.
A market problem
But this was not just a healthcare problem. It was also a market problem. When conditions affecting women were poorly studied or misunderstood, they were often treated as quality-of-life issues instead of major economic and healthcare issues. That shaped where research dollars went, where venture capital flowed, and which companies received serious attention. In other words, large parts of women’s health were systematically undervalued.
That mispricing influenced everything from product development to investment decisions. Investors tend to fund markets they can clearly measure and model. But when women’s symptoms were historically underdiagnosed or dismissed, the size of the opportunity remained hidden inside incomplete data. This helps explain why many women’s health companies were long viewed as niche businesses despite serving enormous global markets. Now that is beginning to change.
Around the globe, women make most household healthcare decisions. They also spend more years in poor health than men and are disproportionately affected by many chronic diseases, including autoimmune conditions, osteoporosis, Alzheimer’s disease, and migraine disorders. Endometriosis affects roughly 190 million women worldwide, yet receives less than 2% of private healthcare funding. Menopause affects every woman who lives long enough to experience it, yet remains one of the least systematically addressed transitions in healthcare. Uterine fibroids affect more than 70% of women by age 50.
These are not small or niche markets. They are massive healthcare categories hiding in plain sight. Capital is beginning to respond. Earlier this year, UCB agreed to acquire a next-generation immune-resetting therapy platform for up to $2.2 billion. The platform targets diseases such as lupus and myasthenia gravis, conditions that disproportionately affect women. The scientific breakthrough attracted attention. The patient populations driving the commercial opportunity largely did not.
But investors are starting to notice the broader pattern. Between 2020 and 2025, nearly $60 billion flowed into core women’s health sectors across venture capital, private equity, and corporate investment. Over the past 25 years, exits in the sector, including acquisitions and IPOs, have exceeded $100 billion. The shift is not happening because investors suddenly became more charitable. It is happening because the economics are becoming harder to ignore.
The AI factor
Artificial intelligence is accelerating that change. AI is making it easier to detect patterns in conditions that were previously missed or poorly understood. Earlier diagnosis often expands treatment options, improves outcomes, and increases the size of the addressable market. But at the same time, AI is exposing the limitations of decades-old healthcare data. Systems trained mostly on male-centered datasets do not just create incomplete outcomes. They risk scaling those distortions across entire healthcare systems. That realization is beginning to reshape how healthcare companies, insurers, and employers think about women’s health.
Businesses are increasingly recognizing the economic costs of neglecting it. Lost productivity linked to menopause symptoms, fertility challenges, autoimmune disease, and delayed diagnoses carries real financial consequences for employers and healthcare systems alike. What was once viewed mainly as a social issue is increasingly becoming a balance-sheet issue.
In my experience advising institutional investors and private banking clients over the past 25 years, the conversations around women’s health are changing quickly. Three years ago, many investors still viewed the sector as niche. Today, more investment committees are starting to see it as a long-term growth category shaped by demographics, scientific advances, consumer demand, and persistent underinvestment.
That does not mean every women’s health company will succeed. Many will fail, just as companies fail in every emerging sector. But healthcare companies that better understand women’s biology are likely to build stronger diagnostics, better therapies, and more effective products for a massive, underserved market.
McKinsey estimates that closing the women’s health gap could add $1 trillion to the global economy annually by 2040. Women already sit at the center of the healthcare economy, as patients, consumers, caregivers, and, increasingly, as capital allocators themselves. The market for women’s health was never small. The data used to measure it was.